Thursday 19 May 2011

Tense and Kinds of tenses

Tense and kinds of tenses

Go to Tense definition

Go to Present Tense

Go to Past Tense

Go to Future Tenses


Tenses
Tense:“Tense is a form of a verb which show the time of the action.”
There are mainly three types of tenses. They are:
a) Present Tense,
b) Past Tense and
c) Future Tense.

Present Tense
a) Present Tense:
Present Tense shows the action of the present time.
Examples:
1) I go to college by bus every morning.
2) Samson is chatting with his friends.
3) They have designed the project just now.
4) Vijay has been loving a beautiful girl for last four years.
Classification of the present tense:
Present tense is classified into four types.
I) Simple present tense
II) Present continuous or progressive tense
III) Present perfect tense
IV) Present perfect continuous tense

I) Simple present tense:
1) Simple present tense shows a daily or habitual action.
Structure of simple present tense:
Subject + main verb (v1) + object + full stop (.)
Samson loves teaching.
Explanation:
Here Samson is the subject,
loves is the main verb in present tense and
teaching is the object.
Examples:
Simon drinks coffee every morning.
Smith gets up at 5 o clock in the morning.
John goes to school.
Vijay comes late to the exams.

2) Simple present tense is used to express general or universal truths.
The sun rises in the east.
The sun sets in the west.
The sky is blue.
Man is mortal.
Fortune favours the brave.
Honey is sweet.

3) Simple present tense is used in the verbs expressing possession like have, possess, own, consist, belong to, compromise, contain etc.
Examples:
We have two daughters and a son.
He has two wives.
Samson owns a house in Heavens Land.
The English alphabet consists of 26 letters.
Vijay belongs to Vijayawada.

4)Simple present tense is used in verbs expressing the feeling of mind like love, like, dislike, hate, remember, wish, want, feel, think, hope, believe, agree, disagree, imagine, know, consider, prefer, suppose, mean, cost, see, hear, taste, understand, smell etc.


II) Present continuous tense :( Present progressive tense)
The continuous tense shows an action going in the present. It is formed with the helping verbs like is/am/are followed by ‘ing’ form of the verb.
Structure:
Subject + helping verb (is/am/are) + main verb (v5) + object + full stop (.)
Explanation:
Samson is reading a novel.
Here Samson is the subject, is is the helping verb and reading is the main verb (v1+ing form) a novel is the object.
Examples:
I am reading a book.
You are laughing at me.
Look: The sun is rising.
Listen, somebody is knocking at the door.
Vijay is practicing c-programs now.
III) Present perfect tense:
Present perfect tense shows a just completed action.
Structure of present perfect tense:
Subject + helping verb (have/has) + main verb (v3) + object + full stop (.)
Explanation:
Sue has seen a beautiful girl in the Heavens Street just now.
Here Sue is the subject,
Has is the helping verb,
Seen is the main verb (v3),
A beautiful girl in the Heavens Street just now is the object and
Finally terminates with the full stop at the end of the sentence.
Examples:
I have gone mad by seeing her beautiful hand writing.
You have won the first prize.
He has gone to market just now.
Samson has completed his c++ course already.


IV) Present perfect continuous tense:
The present perfect continuous tense shows an action started in the past and is still continuing.
Structure of present perfect continuous tense:
Subject + helping verb (has been/have been) + main verb (v5) + object + full stop (.)
Explanation:
Smith has been loving Anna for four years.
Here Smith is the subject,
Has been is the helping verb,
Loving is the main verb,
Anna for four years is the object and
Finally terminates with the full stop.
Past: Smith at 2008 (started loving Anna)
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Present: Smith at 2011(still loving Anna)
Examples:
I have been waiting for him since 3 o clock. (Since tells about the point of action)
She has been waiting for him four 4 years. (For tells about the period of action)
Samson has been practicing c-language since 3rd semester.
You have been looking awesome since January.
They have been preparing for exam for four months.
It has been raining all day.



Past Tense
b) Past tense:
Past tense shows the action of the past time.

Classification of past tense:
The past tense has been classified into four types. They are:
1) Simple past tense
2) Past continuous tense
3) Past perfect tense
4) Past perfect continuous tense


1) Simple past tense:
The simple past tense is used with expressions showing past actions like Yesterday, last week, last night, last year, four days ago, once in a week, twice in a month, long ago, in 1988, last Monday etc.
Structure of simple past tense:
Subject + main verb (v2) + object + full stop (.)
Explanation:
Vijay saw a movie yesterday.
Here Vijay is the subject,
Saw is the verb in the past form,
A movie yesterday is the object and
Finally terminates with the full stop (.)
Examples:
We saw a movie last night.
India won the world cup on April 2011.
He visited Bombay last month.
James completed his work four months ago.
Sue shot the bird.


2) Past continuous tense:
The past continuous tense shows an action going on in the past.
Structure of the past continuous tense:
Subject + helping verb (was/were) + main verb (v5) + object + full stop (.)
Explanation:
Vijay was watching a movie, when we went his house.
Here Vijay is the subject,
Was is the helping verb,
Watching is the main verb (v1+ing) form,
A movie is the object and
Finally terminates with the full stop (.)
Examples:
While I was reading, the lights went out.
I was having a bath, when the phone rang.
The boy fell, while he was running.
When he came to our house yesterday, I was sleeping.


3) Past perfect tense:
The past perfect tense shows two actions which happened one after another.
Structure of the past continuous tense:
Subject + helping verb (had) + main verb (v3) + object + full stop (.)
Explanation:
Before Simon reached the station, the train had left the platform.
Here the train is the subject,
Had is the helping verb,
Left is the main verb (v3) form,
The platform is the object and
Finally terminates with the full stop (.)
Examples:
She had passed B.A, before she got the job.
Before he arrived, I had written the letter.
Before the teacher entered the class, all the students had gone out.
After we had finished our lunch, the guests came to our house.


4) Past perfect continuous tense:
The past perfect continuous tense shows an action that began a certain point in the past and was continuing still in the past.
Structure of the past continuous tense:
Subject + helping verb (had been) + main verb (v5) + object + full stop (.)
Explanation:
The old man had been doing exercise in his youth.
Here the old man is the subject,
Had been is the helping verb,
Doing is the main verb (v1+ing) form,
The exercise is the object and
Finally terminates with the full stop (.)
Examples:
I had been staying in London last November to December.
They had been done the railway job form 24th year to 62nd year.


Future Tense

c) Future tense:
Future tense shows the action of the future time.
Classification of past tense:
The past tense has been classified into four types. They are:
1) Simple future tense
2) Future continuous tense
3) Future perfect tense
4) Future perfect continuous tense


1) Simple future tense:
It shows a singular future action.
Structure of simple future tense:
Subject + helping verb (shall/will/can/may) + main verb (V1) + object + Full stop (.)
Explanation:
Samson will learn java programming.
Here Samson is the subject,
Will is the helping verb,
Learn is the main verb,
Java programming is the object and
Finally terminates with Full stop at the end of the sentence.
Examples:
I shall get a software job in the next year.
We will go to picnic tomorrow.
You will come to our house tomorrow.
Henry will get his masters degrees tomorrow.


2) Future continuous tense:
It shows an action going in the future.
Structure:
Subject + helping verb (will be/shall be/can be/may be) + main verb (v5) + object + full stop.
Explanation:
Vijay will be going to become a software engineer by this time next year.
Here Vijay is the subject,
Will be is the helping verb,
Going is the main verb,
A software engineer by this time next year is the object and
Finally terminates with Full stop at the end of the sentence.
Examples:
By this time I will be going to my home town tomorrow.
They will be writing exam tomorrow by this time.
When I go home home, my wife will be waiting for me at the door.


3) Future perfect tense:
It shows the completion of an action by a certain future time.
Structure of the future perfect tense:
Subject + helping verb (will have) + main verb (v3) + object + full stop (.)
Explanation:
Vijay will have done a project next year.
Here Vijay is the subject,
Will have is the helping verb,
Done is the main verb,
A project next year is the object and
Finally terminates with the full stop at the end of the sentence.
Examples:
I shall have completed syllabus by next month.
By next June, we shall have finished this project.
Before we reach the bus stand, the bus will have started.


4) Future perfect continuous tense:
It shows an action that will start in the future and will be going on in the future.
Structure of future perfect continuous tense:
Subject + helping verb (will have been) + main verb (v5) + object + full stop (.)
Explanation:
We shall have been living together.
Here we is the subject,
Shall have been is the helping verb,
Living is the main verb,
Together is the object and
Finally terminates with full stop at the end of the sentence.
Examples:
My daughter will have been leading her life with her husband.
I shall have been doing a software job in the office.
They will have been enjoying good life in the U.S.A.

2 comments:

  1. i like this blog because has really good information for my homework of grammar class

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